Badan Anti Doping Internasional (WADA), pada tahun 2007, telah mengeluarkan daftar obat terlarang yang terbaru, daftar ini saya dapatkan dari websitenya, berikut daftarnya:
S1. ANABOLIC AGENT
1. Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS)
Exogenous AAS, meliputi:
l-androstendiol (5α-androst-1-ene-3β,17β-diol );
1-androstendione (5α-androst-1-ene-3,17-dione);
bolandiol (19-norandrostenediol);
bolasterone; boldenone; boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione);
calusterone; clostebol; danazol (17α-ethynyl-17β-hydroxyandrost-4-eno[2,3-d]isoxazole);
dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one); desoxymethyltestosterone (17α-methyl-5α-androst-2-en-17β-ol);
drostanolone; ethylestrenol (19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-17-ol);
fluoxymesterone; formebolone; furazabol (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androstano[2,3-c]-furazan);
gestrinone; 4-hydroxytestosterone (4,17β-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one);
mestanolone; mesterolone; metenolone; methandienone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one);
methandriol; methasterone (2α, 17α-dimethyl-5α-androstane-3-one-17β-ol);
methyldienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9-dien-3-one);
methyl-1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-1-en-3-one);
methylnortestosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestr-4-en-3-one);
methyltrienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one);
methyltestosterone; mibolerone; nandrolone; 19-norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17-dione);
norboletone; norclostebol; norethandrolone; oxabolone; oxandrolone; oxymesterone; oxymetholone; prostanozol ([3,2-c]pyrazole-5α-etioallocholane-17β-tetrahydropyranol);
quinbolone; stanozolol; stenbolone; 1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-one);
tetrahydrogestrinone (18a-homo-pregna-4,9,11-trien-17β-ol-3-one);
trenbolone, dan bahan kimia lain yang strukturnya menyerupai dan memiliki efek yang sama.
Endogenous AAS, meliputi:
androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol);
androstenedione (androst-4-ene-3,17-dione);
dihydrotestosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one);
prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA);
testosterone dan struktur kimia seperti: 5α-androstane-3α,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol; 5α-androstane-3β,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17α-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3β,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-3α,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-5-ene-3β,17α-diol; 4-androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol); 5-androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17-dione); epi-dihydrotestosterone; 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one; 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one; 19-norandrosterone; 19-noretiocholanolone.
2. Anabolic agent lainnya, seperti: clenbuterol, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), tibolone, zeranol, zilpaterol.
S2. HORMON DAN SEJENISNYA
1. Erythropoietin (EPO)
2. Growth Hormone (hGH), Insulin-like Growth Factors (spt., IGF-1), Mechano Growth Factors (spt., MGFs)
3. Gonadotrophins (spt., LH, hCG), hanya dibatasi pada pria
4. Insulins
5. Corticotrophins.
S3. BETA-2 AGONISTS
Semua jenis beta-2 agonists termasuk D- and L-isomers telah dilarang.
S4. HORMON ANTAGONIS DAN MODULATOR
Golongan ini terdiri dari:
1. Penghambat aromatase spt., anastrozole, letrozole, aminoglutethimide, exemestane, formestane, testolactone
2. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) spt., raloxifene, tamoxifen, toremifene
3. Anti estrogen, spt. clomiphene, cyclofenil, fulvestrant
4. Bahan kimia yang mengubah fungsi / susunan myostatin, spt., penghambat myostatin.
S5. DIURETIC
Jenisnya seperti: diuretics, epitestosterone, probenecid, alpha-reductase inhibitors (spt., finasteride, dutasteride), plasma expanders (spt., albumin, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch) dan bahan kimia yang memiliki fungsi serupa..
Jenis-jenis diuretics, antara lain:
Acetazolamide, amiloride, bumetanide, canrenone, chlorthalidone, etacrynic acid, furosemide, indapamide, metolazone, spironolactone, thiazides (spt., bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide), triamterene, dan bahan kimia yang memiliki fungsi serupa.
S6. STIMULANT
Jenis-jenis stimulant antara lain: Adrafinil, adrenaline, amfepramone, amiphenazole, amphetamine, amphetaminil, benzphetamine, benzylpiperazine, bromantan, cathine, clobenzorex, cocaine, cropropamide, crotetamide, cyclazodone, dimethylamphetamine, ephedrine, etamivan, etilamphetamine, etilefrine, famprofazone, fenbutrazate, fencamfamin, fencamine, fenetylline, fenfluramine, fenproporex, furfenorex, heptaminol, isometheptene, levmethamfetamine, meclofenoxate, mefenorex, mephentermine, mesocarb, methamphetamine (D-), methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, p-methylamphetamine, methylephedrine, methylphenidate, modafinil, nikethamide, norfenefrine, norfenfluramine, octopamine, ortetamine, oxilofrine, parahydroxyamphetamine, pemoline, pentetrazol, phendimetrazine, phenmetrazine, phenpromethamine, phentermine, 4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon), prolintane, propylhexedrine, selegiline, sibutramine, strychnine, tuaminoheptane, dan bahan kimia yang memiliki fungsi serupa.
S7. NARKOTIK
Buprenorphine, dextromoramide, diamorphine (heroin), fentanyl dan turunannya, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, pentazocine, pethidine.
S8. CANNABIS spt., hashish, mariyuana telah dilarang.
S9. GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS
Semua jenis glucocorticosteroids telah dilarang.
Daftar obat terlarang diatas telah diberlakukan mulai 1 Januari 2008 dan diterapkan hampir pada semua cabang olahraga yang ada saat ini.
Dalam artikel ini “exogenous” memiliki arti sejenis substansi yang tidak dapat diproduksi oleh tubuh secara alamiah; “endogenous” memiliki arti sejenis substansi yang dapat diproduksi oleh tubuh secara alamiah.
Harapan saya, semoga masyarakat awam dapat mengerti tentang obat-obatan terlarang yang beredar, supaya mereka dapat mengambil keputusan mana yang baik dan yang buruk bagi dirinya dan orang lain.
1. Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS)
Exogenous AAS, meliputi:
l-androstendiol (5α-androst-1-ene-3β,17β-diol );
1-androstendione (5α-androst-1-ene-3,17-dione);
bolandiol (19-norandrostenediol);
bolasterone; boldenone; boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione);
calusterone; clostebol; danazol (17α-ethynyl-17β-hydroxyandrost-4-eno[2,3-d]isoxazole);
dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one); desoxymethyltestosterone (17α-methyl-5α-androst-2-en-17β-ol);
drostanolone; ethylestrenol (19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-17-ol);
fluoxymesterone; formebolone; furazabol (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androstano[2,3-c]-furazan);
gestrinone; 4-hydroxytestosterone (4,17β-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one);
mestanolone; mesterolone; metenolone; methandienone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one);
methandriol; methasterone (2α, 17α-dimethyl-5α-androstane-3-one-17β-ol);
methyldienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9-dien-3-one);
methyl-1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-1-en-3-one);
methylnortestosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestr-4-en-3-one);
methyltrienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one);
methyltestosterone; mibolerone; nandrolone; 19-norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17-dione);
norboletone; norclostebol; norethandrolone; oxabolone; oxandrolone; oxymesterone; oxymetholone; prostanozol ([3,2-c]pyrazole-5α-etioallocholane-17β-tetrahydropyranol);
quinbolone; stanozolol; stenbolone; 1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-one);
tetrahydrogestrinone (18a-homo-pregna-4,9,11-trien-17β-ol-3-one);
trenbolone, dan bahan kimia lain yang strukturnya menyerupai dan memiliki efek yang sama.
Endogenous AAS, meliputi:
androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol);
androstenedione (androst-4-ene-3,17-dione);
dihydrotestosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one);
prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA);
testosterone dan struktur kimia seperti: 5α-androstane-3α,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol; 5α-androstane-3β,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17α-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3β,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-3α,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-5-ene-3β,17α-diol; 4-androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol); 5-androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17-dione); epi-dihydrotestosterone; 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one; 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one; 19-norandrosterone; 19-noretiocholanolone.
2. Anabolic agent lainnya, seperti: clenbuterol, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), tibolone, zeranol, zilpaterol.
S2. HORMON DAN SEJENISNYA
1. Erythropoietin (EPO)
2. Growth Hormone (hGH), Insulin-like Growth Factors (spt., IGF-1), Mechano Growth Factors (spt., MGFs)
3. Gonadotrophins (spt., LH, hCG), hanya dibatasi pada pria
4. Insulins
5. Corticotrophins.
S3. BETA-2 AGONISTS
Semua jenis beta-2 agonists termasuk D- and L-isomers telah dilarang.
S4. HORMON ANTAGONIS DAN MODULATOR
Golongan ini terdiri dari:
1. Penghambat aromatase spt., anastrozole, letrozole, aminoglutethimide, exemestane, formestane, testolactone
2. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) spt., raloxifene, tamoxifen, toremifene
3. Anti estrogen, spt. clomiphene, cyclofenil, fulvestrant
4. Bahan kimia yang mengubah fungsi / susunan myostatin, spt., penghambat myostatin.
S5. DIURETIC
Jenisnya seperti: diuretics, epitestosterone, probenecid, alpha-reductase inhibitors (spt., finasteride, dutasteride), plasma expanders (spt., albumin, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch) dan bahan kimia yang memiliki fungsi serupa..
Jenis-jenis diuretics, antara lain:
Acetazolamide, amiloride, bumetanide, canrenone, chlorthalidone, etacrynic acid, furosemide, indapamide, metolazone, spironolactone, thiazides (spt., bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide), triamterene, dan bahan kimia yang memiliki fungsi serupa.
S6. STIMULANT
Jenis-jenis stimulant antara lain: Adrafinil, adrenaline, amfepramone, amiphenazole, amphetamine, amphetaminil, benzphetamine, benzylpiperazine, bromantan, cathine, clobenzorex, cocaine, cropropamide, crotetamide, cyclazodone, dimethylamphetamine, ephedrine, etamivan, etilamphetamine, etilefrine, famprofazone, fenbutrazate, fencamfamin, fencamine, fenetylline, fenfluramine, fenproporex, furfenorex, heptaminol, isometheptene, levmethamfetamine, meclofenoxate, mefenorex, mephentermine, mesocarb, methamphetamine (D-), methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, p-methylamphetamine, methylephedrine, methylphenidate, modafinil, nikethamide, norfenefrine, norfenfluramine, octopamine, ortetamine, oxilofrine, parahydroxyamphetamine, pemoline, pentetrazol, phendimetrazine, phenmetrazine, phenpromethamine, phentermine, 4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon), prolintane, propylhexedrine, selegiline, sibutramine, strychnine, tuaminoheptane, dan bahan kimia yang memiliki fungsi serupa.
S7. NARKOTIK
Buprenorphine, dextromoramide, diamorphine (heroin), fentanyl dan turunannya, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, pentazocine, pethidine.
S8. CANNABIS spt., hashish, mariyuana telah dilarang.
S9. GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS
Semua jenis glucocorticosteroids telah dilarang.
Daftar obat terlarang diatas telah diberlakukan mulai 1 Januari 2008 dan diterapkan hampir pada semua cabang olahraga yang ada saat ini.
Dalam artikel ini “exogenous” memiliki arti sejenis substansi yang tidak dapat diproduksi oleh tubuh secara alamiah; “endogenous” memiliki arti sejenis substansi yang dapat diproduksi oleh tubuh secara alamiah.
Harapan saya, semoga masyarakat awam dapat mengerti tentang obat-obatan terlarang yang beredar, supaya mereka dapat mengambil keputusan mana yang baik dan yang buruk bagi dirinya dan orang lain.
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